THE EDENEUM CODEX · LOGIC
Treatise on Logic
Maimonides · Chapter I, free
The terms of logic, set out at twenty.
Maimonides wrote his logic young, for a reader who asked for the terms alone. The first chapter is the first cut every argument makes: however long a sentence runs, it has two parts, the subject and the predicate.
Make a free account and it opens in the reader. No card.
Chapter I: The Subject and the Predicate
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השם, אשר יקראהו מדקדק הערב – התחלה, הוא אשר יקראהו בעל מלאכת ההגיון – הנושא. ואשר יקראהו המדקדק – סיפור ההתחלה, הוא אשר יקראהו בעל מלאכת ההגיון – הנשוא. בין שיהיה הסיפור שם, או פועל או מלה, או כלל – כל זה יקרא נשוא. ואין הבדל בין שיהיה הסיפור חיוב או שלילה. דמיון זה אמרנו: "ראובן עומד". נאמר: "ראובן" – נושא, "עומד" – נשוא. וכן "ראובן בלתי עומד". נאמר: "ראובן" – נושא, "בלתי עומד" – נשוא. וכן כאשר נאמר: "ראובן עמד או יעמוד". נאמר אנחנו: "ראובן" – נושא, "עמד או יעמוד" – נשוא. וכן כאשר נאמר: "ראובן בבית", "ראובן" – נושא, "בבית" – נשוא. וכן כאשר בא הסיפור בכלל, אם בשם, אם בפועל, או מה שהתחבר עמו – כל זה נקראהו נשוא.
The name which the Hebrew grammarian calls "the beginning" is what the master of logic calls the subject. And what the grammarian calls "the account of the beginning" is what the master of logic calls the predicate. Whether the account be a noun, or a verb, or a word, or in general - all of this is called the predicate. And there is no difference whether the account is affirmative or negative.
What the grammarian calls the "beginning" of a sentence, the logician calls the subject. What the grammarian calls "the account of the beginning", the part that tells us something about it, the logician calls the predicate. The predicate may be a noun, a verb, a particle or a whole phrase, and it makes no difference whether it affirms or denies.
- The Hebrew · Hebrew of Moses ibn Tibbon
- The translation · the house's working translation
- The house’s plain English
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- Chapter IThe Subject and the PredicateFree
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